[37][39], The low range of hills, which have been formed into a steep set of cliffs overlooking the Trent between Scunthorpe and Alkborough are also made up of mudstones, but are of the younger Rhaetic Penarth Group. Much of the river's route, with the exception of the city of Derby, is rural. Lord Paget seems to have funded the work privately, building locks at King's Mill and Burton Mills and several cuts and basins. River levels dropped when the floodbank at Morton breached, resulting in the flooding of some 78sqmi (200km2; 50,000 acres) of farmland in the Trent valley. [87], The fifth largest flood recorded at Nottingham occurred in November 2000, with widespread flooding of low-lying land along the Trent valley, including many roads and railways. [11], The now tidal river meanders across a wide floodplain, at the edge of which are located riverside villages such as Carlton and Sutton on Trent, Besthorpe and Girton. The mighty River Trent is one of England's major rivers. [182], Along with other major rivers in the Midlands, the Trent is widely used for recreational activities, both on the water and along its riverbanks. A vestige of the saline marshes created by the brine springs that seep from the groundwater of the Mercia mudstones, the reserve contains salt tolerant species normally found on the coast, such as sea plantain, arrowgrass and milkwort. [157], Recreational fishing is still popular, although anglers no longer line the banks as they once did. This combination can produce a water-logged catchment that can respond rapidly in terms of runoff, to any additional rainfall. Having taken over responsibility for the waterway, the Transport Commission enlarged Newark Town lock in 1952, and the flood lock at Holme was removed to reduce the risk of flooding in Nottingham. It flows through the bustling city of Nottingham, the market town of Newark and the rural Trent Vale. [136][137], Other managed wetland sites along the river include Beckingham Marshes, Croxall Lakes, Drakelow, and Willington Gravel Pits. The residents of the town wanted to increase the use of the branch nearest to them, and so an Act of Parliament was obtained in 1772 to authorise the work. Navigation can be difficult, and there have been a number of incidents with ships running aground and in one case, striking Keadby Bridge. [43] Another notable find in a related terrace system near Derby from a warmer interglacial period, was the Allenton hippopotamus. In a new channel, fair and evenly; Nottingham seems to have been the ancient head of navigation until the Restoration, due partly to the difficult navigation of the Trent Bridge. Some of the earliest floods can be assessed by using Spalford bank as a substitute measure for the size of a particular flood, as it has been estimated that the bank only failed when flows were greater than 1,000m3/s (35,000cuft/s), the bank was also breached in 1403 and 1795. The resulting surge overtopped the flood defences in the area near Keadby and Burringham, flooding 50 properties. The Trent Aegir tidal bore. Its source is in Staffordshire on the southern edge of Biddulph Moor. [91], At the beginning of the 1790s, the Navigation faced calls for a bypass of the river at Nottingham, where the passage past Trent Bridge was dangerous, and the threat of a canal running parallel to the river, which was proposed by the Erewash and the Trent and Mersey Canal companies. The Grand Union refused to improve the Soar Navigation, because the Trent Navigation Company could not guarantee 135,000 tons of additional traffic. See answer (1) Copy. Welsh rhyd, "ford") in various place names along the Trent, such as Hill Ridware, as well as the Old Englishderived ford. [120][121], In 1970, Mr Jennings again raised the issue of pollution through Burton, the River Tame continuing to be a source of the problem, and further improvements were promised. Other changes, such as the replacement of town gas with natural gas, saw the end of the polluting and toxic coal tar emissions to rivers in 1963. [155], Analysis of catch returns from 1969 to 1985, showed that the fish caught most often by anglers were barbel, bream, bleak, carp, chub, dace, eel, gudgeon, perch, and roach. Trento was founded, according to the classical savant Pliny the Elder and the geographer Strabo of Amaseia, by the Raetians, and it became a Roman colony and military base on the road north to the Reschen (Resia) and . Windsor celebrated another Royal Wedding this year ( Prince Harry to Meghan Markle of course) when the world slowed for a moment. Large parts of the city and surrounding areas were flooded with 9,000 properties and nearly a hundred industrial premises affected some to first floor height. [177], Once these early stations reached the end of their functional life, they were usually demolished, although in some cases the sites have been retained and redeveloped as gas fired power stations. The Travellers' Dictionary of Quotations: Who Said What, About Where? To rob me of so rich a bottom here. [117] Angling clubs in Burton used the Dove or local lakes for fishing, as the Trent through the town was absent of any fish. At this point the River Sow joins it from Stafford. The river in Burton is crossed by a number of bridges including the ornate 19th-century Ferry Bridge that links Stapenhill to the town. The new Ferry Bridge was opened in 1889, although it needed the financial support of the brewer and philanthropist Michael Bass to pay for the construction, and later in 1898 to purchase the existing ferry rights so that it became free of tolls. [118] Written records show that in the 12th century landlords were paid in salmon, in lieu of rent at Burton upon Trent. [158], Salmon, a species that became virtually extinct due to historic pollution, have been progressively reintroduced on the tributaries since 1998, with thousands of salmon parr being released into the Dove and its tributary the Churnet each year. The canal connects the Trent to the Potteries and on to Runcorn and the Bridgewater Canal. At certain times of the year, the lower tidal reaches of the Trent experience a moderately large tidal bore (up to 5 feet [1.5m] high), commonly known as the Trent Aegir (named after the Norse sea god). The changes were helped by the introduction of more stringent pollution control legislation, which required industrial waste to be discharged to sewers, and the formation of the Trent River Authority, which had new duties relating to managing water quality issues. [128] The improvements that have taken place mean that the Trent can be used for public water consumption. On reaching West Bridgford it flows beneath Trent Bridge near the cricket ground of the same name, and beside The City Ground, home of Nottingham Forest, until it reaches Holme Sluices. The complex of three bridges provides evidence of attempts to keep a crossing open over slightly more than two hundred years from 1097, with three bridges constructed on the same site but felled by scouring, floods and course migration of the river to the south eroding the bridgehead. At Yoxall, the flow increases to 12.8m3/s (450cuft/s) due to the input of larger tributaries including the Sow and Blithe. The bridges at Wolseley, Wychnor and the main span at Swarkestone were all destroyed. Lichfield. The second and third largest are the Derwent and the Dove respectively; together these two rivers drain the majority of Derbyshire and Staffordshire, including the upland areas of the Peak District. The Trent is the third-longest river in the United Kingdom. Agreement could not be reached, and so William Jessop was asked to re-assess the situation. In Nottingham a cart overturned in the floodwaters near the Wilford Road and six people drowned, dwellings nearby were flooded to a depth of 6 feet (1.8m). [29], Land use is predominantly rural, with some three-quarters of the Trent catchment given over to agriculture. key towns of river banniridescent telecaster pickguard. A number of the smaller Trent tributaries are still named as warping drains, such as Morton warping drain, near Gainsborough. Yet Thames and Severne both in this come short of me, Lord Paget leased the navigation and the wharf at Burton to George Hayne, while the wharf and warehouses at Wilden were leased by Leonard Fosbrooke, who held the ferry rights and was a business partner of Hayne. The river now flows north-east below the Toot and Trent Hills before reaching Hazelford Ferry, Fiskerton and Farndon. Tolls decreased from 11,344 (equivalent to 1,060,000 in 2021),[93] during 1839 to 3,111 (equivalent to 310,000 in 2021),[93] in 1855. [73][74], The Trent is widely known for its tendency to cause significant flooding along its course, and there is a well documented flood history extending back for some 900 years. [154] This led to comments that the river had become too clean for its fish, and its popularity, especially for match fishing, declined from the mid 1980s. The wide Humber estuary has often been described as the boundary between the Midlands and the north of England. The river passes through Stoke-on-Trent, Stone, Rugeley, Burton upon Trent and Nottingham before joining the River Ouse at Trent Falls to form the Humber Estuary, which empties into the North Sea between Hull in Yorkshire and Immingham in Lincolnshire. [37], Sand, gravels and alluvium deposits that overlie the mudstone bedrock occur almost along the entire length of the river, and are an important feature of the middle and lower reaches, with the alluvial river silt producing fertile soils that are used for intensive agriculture in the Trent valley. [109][110] This divide was also described in Michael Drayton's epic topographical poem, Poly-Olbion, The Sixe and Twentieth Song, 1622: And of the British floods, though but the third I be, During lower flows the Trent and its tributaries are heavily influenced by effluent returns from sewage works, especially the Tame where summer flows can be made up of 90% effluent. Nissan says the SUVs have jackknife folding keys that may not stay fully open. [47][148] More definitive finds from the medieval period were also found at this site and near Colwick. The most recent occurrence involved the Celtic Endeavour being aground near Gunness for ten days, finally being lifted off by a high tide.[102][103][104]. In 1974, these works were transferred to the regional water authorities, with the Severn Trent Water Authority taking over the role for the Trent catchment. When this retreated, the Trent adopted its current course into the Humber. Mills were important locations for fish and eel traps, the eels being caught during quill time between mid-August and early September. At Newark, the last bridge on the Trent until modern times, the bridge was rebuilt in 1775. [94], The aim of the improvements was to increase the minimum depth from 2 feet (0.6m) to 3 feet (0.9m). An extra set of gates were added to Cromwell lock in 1935, effectively creating a second lock, while the Lenton to Trent Lock section was leased from the LNER in 1936, and ultimately purchased in 1946. Cities and towns on or close to the river include: Prior to the mid-18th century there were few permanent crossings of the river with only four bridges downstream of the Tame confluence: the old medieval bridges at Burton, Swarkestone, Nottingham (known as Hethbeth Bridge) and Newark, all first built by 1204. [54][55][56], Another meteorological risk, although one that occurs less often, is that related to the rapid melting of snow lying in the catchment. "[10], The Trent rises within the Staffordshire Moorlands district, near the village of Biddulph Moor, from a number of sources including the Trent Head Well. [77], Early bridges were vulnerable to floods, and in 1309 many bridges were washed away or damaged by severe winter floods, including Hethbeth Bridge. It also incorporates the iconic Howden, Derwent and Ladybower Reservoirs. Others trips run from Newark castle, and two converted barges; the Newark Crusader and Nottingham Crusader, provide river cruises for disabled people via the St John Ambulance Waterwing scheme. The Trent is the third-longest river in the United Kingdom.Its source is in Staffordshire, on the southern edge of Biddulph Moor.It flows through and drains the North Midlands.The river is known for dramatic flooding after storms and spring snowmelt, which in the past often caused the river to change course. [177][179], The three largest remaining coal-fired stations at Ratcliffe, Cottam and West Burton still use domestic coal supplies, although this is now being replaced by imported coal brought by ship from abroad. This led to increased investment, the closure of older and smaller works, with sewage treatment being combined at larger modern works such as Strongford and Minworth. River Trent, river in the English Midlands. Particular examples included one of 8 feet (2.4m) taken near Donington castle in 1255, and another at King's Mill of 7 feet (2.1m) in 1791. For the Trent this proportion is lower, but with nearly half of low flows being made up of these effluent inflows, it is still significant. Due to the size of the flood and the ice entrained in the flow, nearly every bridge along the Trent was badly damaged or washed away. [94], The arrival of the railways resulted in significant change for the company. Historical archives often record details of the bridge repairs that followed floods, as the cost of these repairs or pontage had to be raised by borrowing money and charging a local toll. The River Great Ouse meanders through some of the prettiest towns and villages in Cambridgeshire. There were, however, over thirty ferries that operated along its course, and numerous fords, where passage was possible, their locations indicated by the suffix ford in many riverside place-names such as Hanford, Bridgford, and Wilford. [95], Although commercial use of the river has declined, the lower river between Cromwell and Nottingham can still take large motor barges up to around 150 feet (46m) in length[90] with a capacity of approx 300 tonnes. Hayne subsequently scuppered a barge in King's Lock, and for the next eight years goods had to be transhipped around it. Men bound them on the north, or on the south of Trent[111], It is not clear when pollution first became an issue for the River Trent, but in the late 1880s, it had a thriving salmon fishery, with the river producing an annual catch of some 3,000 fish, a decade later, this had fallen to 100. It flows through the most frequented national Park in the country - The Peak District. As water quality improved from the 1960s onwards, fish numbers recovered, and recreational coarse fishing became more popular. In. The Nottingham and Gainsborough Railway offered 100 per share during 1845, but this was rejected. [24], During the Pleistocene epoch (1.7 million years ago), the River Trent rose in the Welsh hills and flowed almost east from Nottingham through the present Vale of Belvoir to cut a gap through the limestone ridge at Ancaster and thence to the North Sea. [115], The economic recession in the 1970s meant that there was a considerable contraction of heavy industrial sectors, reducing pollution loadings from factories and foundries. Most of the town belongs to the historic county of Staffordshire, but the neighbourhoods on the east bank of the Trent lie in the . [9] A traditional but almost certainly wrong opinion is that of Izaak Walton, who states in The Compleat Angler (1653) that the Trent is " so called from thirty kind of fishes that are found in it, or for that it receiveth thirty lesser rivers. [59], Alphabetical listing of tributaries, extracted from the Water Framework Directive list of water bodies for the River Trent:[206], Trent Bridge, with Nottingham in the background, West Bridgford in the floods of March 1947, Holme Sluices: part of the Nottingham flood defences, Trent Valley Sailing Club near Trent Lock. Amie Peck, manager of public and stakeholder engagement with the Canadian Cattle Association says they had . [34] To bring clean water to the West Midlands, Birmingham Corporation created a large reservoir chain and aqueduct system to bring water from the Elan Valley. In 2000 similar conditions occurred again, with above average rainfall in the autumn being followed by further rainfall, producing flood conditions in November of that year. This may explain the presence of the Romano-British element rid (cf. [119], John Jennings, the local MP for Burton highlighted these problems in a speech to the House when he stated in 1956, that as in previous years the river had been declared unsafe for swimming on advice from the medical officer, and how its unhealthy condition affected a local rowing club. [118], In the 17th century Izaak Walton described the River Trent as 'One of the finest rivers in the world and the most abounding with excellent salmon and all sorts of delicate fish. The suburbs of Long Eaton, West Bridgford and Beeston all suffered particularly badly. [13][14][15] At West Stockwith the Trent is joined by the Chesterfield Canal and the River Idle and soon after enters Lincolnshire fully, passing to the west of Scunthorpe. [36][37], In the wider catchment the geology is more varied, ranging from the Precambrian rocks of the Charnwood Forest, through to the Jurassic limestone that forms the Lincolnshire Edge and the eastern watershed of the Trent. [177], In downstream order, the power stations that continue to use, or have used the river as their source of cooling water are: Meaford, Rugeley, Drakelow, Willington, Castle Donington, Ratcliffe-on-Soar, Wilford, Staythorpe, High Marnham, Cottam, West Burton and Keadby. [174][175] [95], With traffic still between 350,000 and 400,000 tonnes per year, Frank Rayner became the engineer in 1896, and the company were persuaded that major work was necessary if the navigation was to survive. [72], Warp was also used as a commercial product, after being collected from the river banks at low tide, it was transported along the Chesterfield Canal to Walkeringham where it was dried out and refined to be eventually sold as a silver polish for cutlery manufacturers. [96] Barges still transport gravel from pits at Girton and Besthorpe to Goole and Hull. During a following glaciation (Devensian, 70,000BC) the ice held back vast areas of water called Glacial Lake Humber in the current lower Trent basin. [34] key towns of river bannmr patel neurosurgeon cardiff 27 februari, 2023 . Today, exploring the lovely old riverside buildings provides a great family day out. In 1683 the same bridge was partially destroyed by a flood that also meant the loss of the bridge at Newark. In Nottingham the heights of significant historic floods from 1852 have been carved into a bridge abutment next to Trent Bridge, with flood marks being transferred from the medieval Hethbeth bridge that pre-dated the existing 19th-century crossing. The native and migrant species are still spotted in River Trent where they live on the nature reserves and wetland areas. key towns of river bann. It combines riverside and towpath sections, with other paths to villages and places of interest in the wider valley. The Trent drains a large portion of south-central Ontario, including most of the Kawartha Lakes and their supplying watersheds. These lower reaches are protected from tidal flooding by a series of floodbanks and defences. Over the study period the returns revealed that there was a variation in the species caught, with a shift from roach and dace based catches, to one of chub and bream, a change that was perceived by anglers to represent a serious detriment to the fishery. These levels extend across the Trent valley, and include the lower reaches of the Eau, Torne and Idle. The river then continues south through the market town of Stone, and after passing the village of Salt, it reaches Great Haywood, where it is spanned by the 16th-century Essex Bridge near Shugborough Hall. [57][84][85] Two days later, in the lower tidal reaches of the river, the peak of the flood combined with a high spring tide to flood villages and 2,000 properties in Gainsborough. February27February 27, 2023. key towns of river bann. The major proposals included a cut and lock at Cranfleet, where the River Soar joins the Trent, a cut, locks and weirs at Beeston, which would connect with the Nottingham Canal at Lenton, and a cut and lock at Holme Pierrepont. A survey in 2003 showed a doubling in the number of sites where evidence, such as spraints and footprints of these elusive animals were found. Water level management is important in these lowland areas, and the local watercourses are usually maintained by internal drainage boards and their successors, with improved drainage being assisted by the use of pumping stations to lift water into embanked carrier rivers, which subsequently discharge into the Trent. [95], Increased running costs after the First World War could not be met by increasing the tolls, as the company had no statutory powers to do so, and so suggested that the Ministry of Transport should take over the navigation, which they did from 24 September 1920. the polluted state of the Trent is a terror to Trentham. The two arms recombine at Crankley Point beyond the town, where the river turns due north to pass North Muskham and Holme to reach Cromwell Weir, below which the Trent becomes tidal. This can be a result of a sudden rise in temperature after a prolonged cold period, or when combined with extensive rainfall. Many of the connecting waterways were bought by railway companies, and gradually fell into disrepair. Its source is in Staffordshire, on the southern edge of Biddulph Moor. After this confluence, the river turns north-east and is joined by the Soar before reaching the outskirts of Nottingham, where it is joined by the Erewash near the Attenborough nature reserve and enters Nottinghamshire. Not only do these provide baseflows to the major tributaries, the groundwater is an important source for public water supply. [20][21] The river's propensity to change course is referred to in Shakespeare's play Henry IV, Part 1: Methinks my moiety, north from Burton here, For that I am the mere of England, that divides It flows through and drains most of the metropolitan central and northern Midlands south and east of its source north of Stoke-on-Trent. And here the smug and silver Trent shall run Trento, Latin Tridentum, German Trient, English Trent, city, Trentino-Alto Adige/Sdtirol regione (region), northern Italy. It shall not wind with such a deep indent, Pictures & slide show. Downstream of Burton upon Trent, the river increasingly trends northwards, cutting off a portion of Nottinghamshire and nearly all of Lincolnshire from his share, north of the Trent. The current state of knowledge and proposals for future research", "Cavendish Bridge Conservation Area Appraisal and Study", "Coal-Fired Power Plants in East England & the Midlands", "Strategic Priorities for Water Related Recreation in the Midlands", "Burton-upon-Trent: Social and cultural activities", "Tom Milner swims 139 miles in nine days", "Tom Milner completes River Trent Challenge", "National Water Sports Centre About Us", "Report on the investigation of Nottingham Princess striking Trent Bridge Nottingham", "Water Framework Directive Surface Water Classification Status and Objectives 2012 csv file", Photographs along the Trent in Nottingham from Nottingham21, Predictive Modelling of Multi-Period Geoarchaeological Resources at a River Confluence. 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